ECOSAN Waterless
Toilet System

The EcoSan waterless toilet utilizes an innovative design to effectively manage and process human waste without the need for water. Here’s how it works:

1. Waste Collection and Transport: When human waste is deposited, it falls down a vertical chute (2) and into one end of a specially designed helical screw conveyor (3). Each time the toilet lid (1) is lifted, a mechanism engages, rotating the conveyor. With each rotation, the waste gradually moves along the conveyor, taking approximately 25 days to reach a reusable collection bag (4) at the end of the system.
2. Drying and Deodorizing Process: The EcoSan system features a uniquely designed ventilation pipe (5) that provides adequate airflow to facilitate the dehydration, evaporation, and deodorizing of the waste. Since human waste is composed of about 95% moisture, this ventilation allows the moisture and urine to evaporate into the atmosphere, while the solid waste continues to dry out.
3. Reduction to Compost-like Material: As the waste moves through the conveyor, it gradually dries and reduces in volume to about 5–10% of its original mass, forming a dry, compost-like material that is odourless and manageable. It takes approximately six months for the collection bag to fill with this dry waste.
4. Disposal and Reuse Options: The dry waste collected in the reusable bag can be managed in several ways:
   • Used as a component in composting.
   • Disposed of through municipal waste services.
   • Utilized as a source of fuel.
5. System Resilience: The EcoSan toilet is designed to handle occasional large objects, such as beverage cans or disposable nappies, that may accidentally fall down the chute. These objects will not block the system; however, it is not recommended to dispose of such items in this way.

The EcoSan waterless toilet is an efficient, environmentally friendly solution for areas where water is scarce or inaccessible, providing a sustainable approach to waste management.